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PRACTICE QUESTIONS

Current Affairs MCQs for Practice – 13 Jan 2022

Question-1

Consider the following statements regarding Multidimensional Poverty Index:

1.      Multidimensional Poverty Index was launched by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

Education is one of the indicator in MPI for poverty estimation.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a)     1 only

b)    2 only

c)     Both 1 and 2

d)    Neither 1 nor 2

Ans- c

Explanation-

Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)

·       Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)released  by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

·       MPI is based on the idea that poverty is not unidimensional (not just depends on income and one individual may lack several basic needs like education, health etc.), rather it is multidimensional.

·       The index shows the proportion of poor people and the average number of deprivations each poor person experiencesat the same time.

·       MPI is significant as it recognizes poverty from different dimensions compared to the conventional methodology that measures poverty only from the income or monetary terms.

·       MPI uses three dimensions and ten indicators which are:

1.      Education: Years of schooling and child enrollment (1/6 weightage each, total 2/6);

2.      Health: Child mortality and nutrition (1/6 weightage each, total 2/6);

3.      Standard of living: Electricity, flooring, drinking water, sanitation, cooking fuel and assets (1/18 weightage each, total 2/6)

Question-2

Consider the following statements regarding Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS):

1.      It provides primary healthcare to children under 6 years of age and their mothers.

2.      The scheme primarily runs through the Anganwadi centre.

3.      The scheme is under the Ministry of Women and Child Development.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

a)     1 & 2 only

b)    2 & 3 only

c)     1 and 3 only

d)    1,2 & 3

Ans- d

Explanation-

Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS)

·       Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) is an Indian government welfare programme that provides food, preschool education, and primary healthcare to children under 6 years of age and their mothers.

• The scheme was started in 1975 and aims at the holistic development of children and empowerment of mothers.
• It is a Centrally-Sponsored scheme. The scheme primarily runs through the Anganwadi centre. The scheme is under the Ministry of Women and Child Development.

ICDS Objectives

The chief objectives of the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme are as follows:

• To lay the foundation for proper psychological, physical and social development of the child;
• To reduce the incidence of mortality, morbidity, malnutrition and school dropout;
• To achieve effective co-ordination of policy and implementation amongst the various departments to promote child development; and
• To enhance the capability of the mother to look after the normal health and nutritional needs of the child through proper nutrition and health education.

Question-3

Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding District Mineral Foundations?

1.      District Mineral Foundations are statutory bodies in India established by the State Governments.

2.      They are set up as non-profit body in the mining operation affected districts.

3.      Guidelines from its functioning are taken from the article 244 of Indian Constitution.

Select the Correct Option from the code given below.

a)     1 & 2 only

b)    2 & 3 only

c)     1 and 3 only

d)    1,2 & 3

Ans- d

Explanation-

District Mineral Foundations

·       District Mineral Foundations are statutory bodies in India established by the State Governments by notification. They derive their legal status from section 9B of Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 as amended on 26 March 2015 as Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015.

• Each District Mineral Foundation is established by the State Governments by notification as a trust or non-profit body in the mining operation affected districts.
• The objective of District Mineral Foundation is to work for the interest of the benefit of the persons and areas affected mining related operations in such manner as may be prescribed by the State Government.
• Composition and Functions of the DMF is prescribed by the State Governments taking guidelines from article 244 of Indian Constitution, fifth and sixth schedules, Provisions of the Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 and the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006. Funds every mining lease holder of will pay a fraction of royalty, not exceeding one-third of the royalty, to the DMF as per rates prescribed by Central Government. This fund will be used for welfare of the people affected in the mining affected areas.
• The Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana (PMKKKY) will be implemented by the DMFs of the respective districts using the funds accruing to the DMF.

Question-4

Consider the following statements regarding Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana (PMKKKY):

1.      The Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana (PMKKKY) will be implemented by the District Mineral Foundations (DMFs).

2. 60% of the DMF fund will be spent in the welfare projects of the mining affected areas.

Select the Correct Option from the code given below.

a)     1 only

b)    2 only

c)     Both 1 and 2

d)    Neither 1 nor 2

Ans- c

Explanation-

Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana (PMKKKY)

·       The Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana (PMKKKY) will be implemented by the DMFs of the respective districts using the funds accruing to the DMF.

·       The Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana (PMKKKY) will be implemented by the DMFs of the respective districts using the funds accruing to the DMF. The overall objective of PMKKKY scheme will be (a) to implement various developmental and welfare projects/programs in mining affected areas, and these projects/ programs will be complementing the existing ongoing schemes/projects of State and Central Government; (b) to minimize/mitigate the adverse impacts, during and after mining, on the environment, health and socio-economics of people in mining districts; and (c) to ensure long-term sustainable livelihoods for the affected people in mining areas.

·       High priority areas like drinking water supply, health care, sanitation, education, skill development, women and child care, welfare of aged and disabled people, skill development and environment conservation will get at least 60 % share of the funds.

Question-5

Consider the following statements about the Energy Transition Index (ETI):

1.      The index is released annually by the World Economic Forum.

2.      India is ranked 87th out of 115 countries in the Energy Transition Index (ETI), 2021.

3.      Index is based on three dimensions that are economic development and growth, sustainability, and energy protection and access indicators.

Which of the statements is/are correct?

a)     1 & 2 only

b)    2 & 3 only

c)     1 and 3 only

d)    1,2 & 3

Ans- d

Explanation-

Energy Transition Index (ETI)

·       The energy transition is a pathway toward transformation of the global energy sector from fossil-based to zero-carbon by the second half of this century.

• Renewable energy and energy efficiency measures can potentially achieve 90% of the required carbon reductions.
• The World Economic Forum(WEF) releases the annual rankings of the global Energy Transition Index.
• India is ranked 87th out of 115 countries in the Energy Transition Index (ETI), which monitors countries' current success in various aspects of their energy systems.
• The top ten countries in the index are all from Western and Northern Europe, with Sweden topping the list, followed by Norway (2nd), and Denmark (3rd) (3rd).
• The index measures 115 countries' readiness to shift to stable, efficient, accessible, and inclusive energy systems through three dimensions: economic development and growth, sustainability, and energy protection and access indicators.

Source: The Hindu / The Indian Express/ TOI/ HT/PIB